Unfortunately I do not see that any replacement of URL would avoid the listed problems entirely, especially if it is to work on mobiles. More likely, it would swap some of the problems with others, and the more important ones (relating to site identity and security) will just look different, because the problem is with the desirability and ease of tricking consumers (to the point where legitimate companies spend lots of time doing so because being honest looks too complicated to too many consumers).

Educating the user is difficult, and in some cases impossible, but there are some matters for which no substitute exists or is likely ever to exist.